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肺结核病与呼吸系统其他疾病的临床症状(咳嗽、咳痰、咯血、胸痛、呼吸困难等)相类似,不能据此诊断肺结核;肺部体征亦然。X 线肺部检查,较为可靠,但同影异病,误诊的机会也不少;痰中找到结核菌,可明确诊断,而且可以发现患者的传染性,为预防工作确定重点对象,其意义更为重大。我们1982年曾发表了“痰检结核菌的几种方法探讨”,在此基础上,为了寻求阳性率高、工作量低的检查方法,做了进一步的探讨。对五种痰检结核菌方法的评议:我们将门诊及病房的肺结核病人,停药三天后送痰3～4口来检。一个标本同时做五种检查,即痰薄片法、厚片法、荧光染色法、浓缩法及培养法。其痰检阳性率见表1。
Tuberculosis is similar to the clinical symptoms of other respiratory diseases (cough, sputum, hemoptysis, chest pain, dyspnea, etc.) and can not be diagnosed for tuberculosis; the signs of the lungs are the same. X-ray lung examination, more reliable, but with the same disease, misdiagnosis of many opportunities; sputum to find TB, can confirm the diagnosis, and can be found in patients with infectious, to prevent the work to determine the focus of the object, the significance of more Great. In 1982, we published “Several Methods for the Examination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis,” and on this basis, we conducted further studies in order to find a test method that has a high positive rate and low workload. Five kinds of sputum examination of TB method comments: We will outpatient and ward tuberculosis patients, after stopping three days to sputum 3 to 4 to seized. A specimen at the same time to do five inspections, namely, sputum thin slices, thick slices, fluorescence staining, concentration and culture. The sputum positive rate in Table 1.