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目的:探讨少数民族贫困地区免费婚前医学检查效果,为提高婚前医学检查率提供科学依据。方法:开展“一站式免费婚前医学检查服务”模式,检测项目包括询问病史、一般体格检查、常规辅助检查,同时将检测结果进行统计分析。结果:3年全市参加婚检人数106 840人,婚前医学检查率逐年提高,2008年为46.35%、2009年为71.48%、2010年为88.84%。检岀指定传染病1 201例(1.12%),严重遗传病86例(0.08%),精神病12例(0.01%),生殖系统疾病1 665例(1.56%),内科疾病333例(0.31%)。其中检岀不宜生育人数4例,暂缓结婚人数1 290例,未检岀不宜结婚人数。结论:“一站式免费婚前医学检查服务”可以提高婚前医学检查率,特别是少数民族贫困地区更加明显,婚前医学检查可以尽早发现围婚人群罹患影响婚育的疾病,同时可对患者及时进行婚育指导,降低出生缺陷发生率,达到优生优育的目的。
Objective: To explore the effect of free pre-marital medical examination in the poverty-stricken ethnic minority areas and provide scientific basis for improving premarital medical examination rate. Methods: To carry out “one-stop free pre-marital medical examination service” mode, test items include medical history, general physical examination, routine auxiliary examination, and test results for statistical analysis. Results: The number of premarital medical examinations in the city was 106,840. The rate of premarital medical examination increased year by year, from 46.35% in 2008 to 71.48% in 2009 and 88.84% in 2010. There were 1,201 (1.12%) cases of infectious diseases, 86 (0.08%) cases of serious genetic diseases, 12 (0.01%) cases of psychosis, 1 665 cases of reproductive system diseases (1.56%) and 333 cases of medical diseases (0.31% . Among them, 4 were not suitable for childbirth, 1290 were suspended for marriage, and those who were not prosecuted should not be married. Conclusion: “One-stop free pre-marital medical examination service” can increase the rate of premarital medical examination, especially in the poverty-stricken areas of ethnic minorities. The premarital medical examination can find the marriage-related people suffering from the diseases affecting marriage and childbirth as soon as possible. At the same time, Maternity guidance in a timely manner to reduce the incidence of birth defects, to achieve the purpose of prenatal and postnatal care.