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目的对人与狗的颈段迷走/交感干进行比较解剖,并鉴定狗的喉上神经外支的纤维成分。方法随机解剖经福尔马林固定的成年人尸体颈部(n=50)及狗的颈部(n=10),暴露其颈交感干与喉上神经及其外支间的交通;并取狗的喉上神经外支,甲醛固定,明胶包埋,恒冷切片后用Karnovsky AchE组化方法染色并观察。结果狗的迷走神经结状神经节与颈上神经节完全或部分融合,迷走神经干与交感神经干完全或部分融合为迷走-交感干;而人的结状神经节与颈上神经节互相分离;颈上神经节与喉上神经及其分支之间存在交通,其中颈上神经节与喉上神经外支相交通者占86%。AchE染色显示:狗的喉上神经外支含AchE阳性有髓神经纤维、AchE阴性有髓神经纤维和AchE阳性无髓神经纤维。结论喉上神经外支呈袢状,而非干式,含躯体运动、交感神经节后及躯体感觉纤维,因此喉上神经外支为一混合神经。
Objective To compare anatomy of vagus / sympathetic trunk of human and dog and to identify the fiber component of the laryngeal branch of the dog. Methods The carotid body and neck of the adult (n = 50) and the neck of the dog (n = 10) were randomly dissected through formalin. The laryngeal nerve of the dog was fixed with formalin and embedded in gelatin, then stained by Karnovsky AchE staining and observed after cryostat. Results The dogs vagus nerve nodal ganglia completely or partially fused with the superior cervical ganglion, the vagus nerve trunk and the sympathetic trunk fully or partially fused to the vagusy-sympathetic trunk, whereas the human nodose ganglion was separated from the superior cervical ganglion. The neck There was traffic between the upper ganglion and the laryngeal nerve and its branches, with 86% of the traffic between the supraspinatus and the supraclavicular nerve branches. AchE staining showed that the dog’s laryngeal nerve had AchE-positive myelinated nerve fibers, AchE-negative myelinated nerve fibers, and AchE-positive unmyelinated fibers. Conclusions The supraclavicular nerve branches are 袢-shaped, rather than dry, with somatic movement, sympathetic ganglia and somatosensory fibers. Therefore, the supraclavicular branch is a mixed nerve.