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采用长期定位培肥试验的方法,较系统地分析了长期单施有机肥、单施化肥、有机肥与化肥配施条件下,作物产量动态变化。结果表明:在一定的年限内,氮磷化肥配施有机肥或单施有机肥能持续稳定增加作物产量;长期单施氮磷化肥,在产量水平较低的情况下能快速提高作物产量,当达到一定水平后作物产量则在徘徊中缓慢增长。氮磷化肥配施有机肥具有持续提高产量、培肥土壤的双重效果,是砂姜黑土培肥改良较理想的施肥方式,但同时要注意钾素的补充。
The long-term fertilization experiment was used to systematically analyze the dynamic changes of crop yield under long-term single-application of organic manure, chemical fertilizer alone, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer. The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers combined with organic fertilizer or single application of organic fertilizer could increase crop yield steadily for a certain period of time. With long-term application of N and P fertilizers, the crop yield could be rapidly increased under the low yield level. After reaching a certain level, crop yields slowly increase in hovering. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers combined with organic fertilizer has the double effect of continuously increasing yield and fertilizing soil, which is an ideal way to improve fertilization of Shajiang black soil. At the same time, we should pay attention to the supplement of potassium.