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分析某医院１９９３年和１９９６年住院患者医院感染率下降的原因。方法：通过比较不同年份住院 患者的年龄、性别、科室的分布，不同年份医院感染危险因素的构成比、不同危险因素的医院感染率，找出造成医院 感染率下降的原因。结果： １９９３年和１９９６年住院患者性别分布无差别，不会引起 ２ ａ感染率的差别。１９９６年住院 患者中年龄≥６０岁者（１８．９％）多于１９９３年（１７．０％），一般认为高年龄组医院感染率较高，可见该院不同年份患者 年龄分布的差异不是造成医院感染率下降的因素。从科室分布来看，主要科室患者分布在２ａ间无显著差异，故科 室分布与感染率的下降关系不大。患糖尿病、泌尿道插管、动静脉插管、引流的比例１９９６年高于１９９３年；使用免疫 抑制剂、放疗、ＩＣＵ、昏迷、预防性使用抗生素等因素的构成比１９９３高于１９９６年。危险因素构成比的变化亦不能合 理地解释医院感染率下降的原因。患糖尿病、泌尿道插管、使用免疫抑制剂、ＩＣＵ、预防性使用抗生素、血液病、慢性 阻塞性肺疾患、化疗、手术９项因素１９９６年的医院感染率低于１９９３年，这些因素的医院感染率降低是医院总感染 率降低的真正原因。结论：该院医院感染率降低的主要原因是９项主要医?
Analysis of a hospital in 1993 and 1996 inpatient hospital infection rate decreased. Methods: By comparing the age, sex, distribution of departments in different years, the compositional ratio of risk factors of nosocomial infection in different years and the prevalence of nosocomial infection of different risk factors, we found out the reason of the decrease of nosocomial infection rate. Results: There was no difference in the sex distribution of inpatients in 1993 and 1996, and no difference in infection rate of 2 years was found. Inpatients in 1996 ≥60 years of age (18.9%) than in 1993 (17.0%), the prevalence of high prevalence of hospital infection rates are generally higher, we can see the hospital in different years of age distribution of patients is not caused by age differences Hospital infection rate decline factor. Distribution from the department point of view, the main sections of the distribution of patients in the no significant difference between 2a, so the distribution of departments and infection rate has little to do. The prevalence of diabetes, urinary tract catheterization, arteriovenous intubation, and drainage was higher in 1996 than in 1993; the use of immunosuppressive agents, radiotherapy, ICU, coma, and prophylactic antibiotics was higher in 1993 than in 1996. Changes in the composition of risk factors also do not justify the explanation for the decline in hospital infection rates. 9 factors for diabetes mellitus, urinary tract intubation, immunosuppressive agents, ICU, prophylactic antibiotics, blood diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chemotherapy, surgery In 1996, the prevalence of nosocomial infections was lower in 1993 than in those hospitals The lower infection rate is the real reason for the reduction of the total infection rate in the hospital. Conclusion: The main reason for the hospital infection rate reduction is 9 major medical?