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本文选取贵州典型磷矿区海相沉积型磷矿石为研究对象,通过ξ电位测定和纯矿物浮选试验,考察了Ca2+、Mg2+对胶磷矿表面电性及可浮性的影响。结果表明:加入Ca2+、Mg2+后,胶磷矿表面负电性降低,由此可推知,胶磷矿是优先吸附溶液中的Ca2+、Mg2+而使表面负电性降低。Mg2+在胶磷矿表面的吸附使其表面形成类似白云石的覆盖层,从而会降低分选的选择性。在酸性条件下,Ca2+、Mg2+对胶磷矿浮选影响不大,但在中性及碱性条件下,金属离子的加入会明显地抑制胶磷矿的上浮,其原因可能是金属离子与脂肪酸类捕收剂发生沉淀反应,从而消耗捕收剂,并且在碱性条件下形成氢氧化物沉淀,并吸附罩盖在矿物表面,使矿物表面亲水,不易上浮。
In this paper, we choose the marine sedimentary phosphate rock in the typical phosphate rock area of Guizhou as the research object. The effects of Ca2 + and Mg2 + on the surface electrical conductivity and buoyancy of the phosphate rock were investigated by measuring the zeta potential and pure mineral flotation. The results showed that the surface electronegativity decreased after Ca2 + and Mg2 + addition. It can be deduced that the colloidal phosphate preferentially adsorbed Ca2 + and Mg2 + in solution and decreased the surface electronegativity. Adsorption of Mg2 + on the surface of colloidal phosphate makes the surface of the dolomite-like coating, which will reduce the selectivity of the separation. Under acidic conditions, Ca2 + and Mg2 + have little effect on the flotation of colloidal phosphate, but under the neutral and alkaline conditions, the addition of metal ions will obviously inhibit the uplift of colloidal phosphate. The reason may be that metal ions and fatty acids Precipitant precipitation reaction occurs, thereby consuming collector, and the formation of hydroxide precipitation under alkaline conditions, and adsorption cover the mineral surface, the mineral surface hydrophilic, not easy to float.