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近几年,设施蔬菜面积不断扩大,但由于不合理的施肥管理,棚室使用3-5年后就会程度不同的表现出土壤板结、病虫害加重、产量降低,给菜农增收带来损失。现将棚室土地结构退化原因及防治方法简介如下:1、大棚蔬菜土壤结构退化原因(1)土壤板结。由于大量施用化肥,忽视有机肥的施用,有机质匮乏,土壤结构退化,透气性降低,需氧性的微生物活性下降,土壤熟化慢,造成土壤板结、蔬菜根系发育不良,影响蔬菜生长。
In recent years, due to unreasonable fertilization management, greenhouses will exhibit different levels of soil compaction after 3-5 years of use. Pests and diseases will be aggravated and yield will drop, which will bring losses to farmers’ income. Now the causes of greenhouse land degradation and prevention methods are as follows: 1, greenhouse vegetable soil degradation causes (1) soil compaction. Due to the large amount of chemical fertilizers applied and the neglect of the application of organic fertilizers, the organic matter is deficient, the soil structure is degraded, the air permeability is reduced, the aerobic activity of microorganisms is decreased, the soil is ripened slowly, resulting in soil compaction and vegetable root growth and vegetable growth.