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目的观察国产麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗(MMR)在5岁儿童复种和育龄期女性接种的免疫效果和安全性。方法选择在8月龄已接种1剂次麻疹疫苗且在18-24月龄已接种1剂次MMR的5岁健康儿童以及孕前体检风疹抗体阴性的育龄期女性接种MMR。采集所有观察对象MMR接种前及接种后1个月血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测麻疹、风疹和流行性腮腺炎(流腮)Ig G抗体,随访观察疫苗接种后的疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)。结果 158名5岁儿童MMR接种前麻疹、风疹和流腮抗体阳性率分别为95.57%、89.87%和82.91%,接种后分别为100%、99.37%和100%;接种后抗体几何平均浓度(GMC)分别是接种前的1.65倍、1.70倍和4.02倍。育龄期女性MMR接种前麻疹、风疹和流腮抗体阳性率分别为80.49%(33/41)、0.00%(0/38)和82.93%(34/41),接种后分别为100%(41/41)、84.21%(32/38)和100%(41/41);接种后GMC分别是接种前的1.82倍、14.05倍和3.03倍。所有观察对象接种MMR后均未出现AEFI。结论国产MMR在儿童复种和育龄期女性接种有良好的免疫效果和安全性。推荐开展儿童2剂次MMR常规免疫和孕前体检风疹抗体阴性的育龄期女性接种MMR。
Objective To observe the immune effect and safety of domestic MMR vaccine in female children of 5 years old in multiple and reproductive age. Methods MMR was selected at 5-year-old healthy children who had been immunized with one dose of measles vaccine at 8 months of age and who had been vaccinated with one dose of MMR at 18-24 months and those of childbearing age with pre-pregnancy rubella antibody tests. The blood samples were collected before MMR inoculation and 1 month after inoculation of all the observed subjects. The Ig G antibodies of measles, rubella and mumps were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the suspicious prophylaxis after vaccination was followed up Vaccination Abnormal reaction (AEFI). Results The positive rates of measles, rubella and mumps before MMR vaccination were 95.57%, 89.87% and 82.91%, respectively, after vaccination. The average geometric mean antibody concentrations (GMCs) after inoculation were 100%, 99.37% and 100% ) Were 1.65 times, 1.70 times and 4.02 times before vaccination respectively. The positive rates of measles, rubella and mumps before immunization in MMR women of childbearing age were 80.49% (0.00% (0/38) and 82.93% (34/41) respectively) and 100% (41 / 41), 84.21% (32/38) and 100% (41/41), respectively. The GMCs after inoculation were 1.82 times, 14.05 times and 3.03 times before inoculation, respectively. All subjects did not show AEFI after MMR inoculation. Conclusion Domestic MMR has good immunization effect and safety in children’s multiple vaccination and women of childbearing age. MMR is recommended for women of childbearing age who have 2 doses of routine immunization and pre-conception rubella antibody-negative women of childbearing age.