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通过对马克思经济学中关于企业起源、演变及其性质的分析,我们可以从生产力与生产关系的角度更好地去认识企业,突破了单纯地从交易费用角度去认识企业的局限。围绕着企业的性质及企业是否存在最优的规模问题,本文提出企业是能够实现技术资本化的组织的观点。基于这一观点,笔者构建的“马克思资本技术模型”在一定程度上解释了企业最优规模均衡状态是存在的,并说明了企业在扩张的进程中需要进行审慎的决策,以避免走入企业扩张陷阱。
By analyzing the origin, evolution and nature of enterprises in Marxist economics, we can better understand the enterprises from the perspective of productivity and production relations, and break through the limitations of knowing enterprises simply from the perspective of transaction costs. Focusing on the nature of the firm and whether the firm has the optimal size, this paper proposes that the firm is an organization that can capitalize on technology. Based on this view, the “Marx’s Capital Technology Model” constructed by the author explains to some extent that the equilibrium state of the optimal size of a firm exists and shows that the firm needs to make prudent decisions in the process of expansion in order to avoid Into business expansion trap.