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目的探讨莱芜市手足口病的流行特征,为防控提供依据。方法对莱芜市2009—2013年中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的手足口病病例进行分析。结果 2009—2013年全市共报告手足口病例10 962例,其中重症40例(0.4%),无死亡病例,年均发病率171.39/10万。患者年龄中位数3岁,5岁以下占78.6%;男性发病较高;以散居儿童为主(51.0%),流行高峰与幼托儿童交替出现。5~8月为发病高峰,集中度为0.506,圆形分布分析发病高峰为7月4日。城市、城乡结合部年均发病率高于农村。24起暴发疫情中,14起发生在私立幼儿园。每年病毒型别都有变化,以CoxA16或EV71为优势毒株,CoxA16季节性高于EV71。月均气温、降水量与发病人数呈正相关。结论莱芜市手足口病的流行是生物、气候因素、行为因素等综合作用的结果。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Laiwu City and provide evidence for prevention and control. Methods The cases of hand-foot-mouth disease reported in China Disease Control and Prevention Information System from 2009 to 2013 in Laiwu were analyzed. Results A total of 10 962 HFMD cases were reported in 2009-2013, of which 40 cases were severe (0.4%), with no deaths and the average annual incidence was 171.39 / 100000. The median age of patients was 3 years and 78.6% of those under 5 years of age. The incidence of male was higher than that of male children (51.0%). The epidemic peak alternated with that of preschool children. May to August peak incidence, concentration was 0.506, circular distribution analysis of the peak incidence on July 4. The annual average incidence of urban and rural areas is higher than that of rural areas. Of the 24 outbreaks, 14 occurred in private kindergartens. Variants vary from year to year, with CoxA16 or EV71 as the dominant strain and CoxA16 seasonally higher than EV71. The average monthly temperature and precipitation were positively correlated with the number of patients. Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD in Laiwu City is the result of a combination of biological factors, climatic factors and behavioral factors.