伍晓鹰:对“经济人”的研究实际上涉及这样一个根本问题:是仅仅用道德评价来对待人和社会,还是用分析的观点来对待人和社会.记得经济学说史上曾有过这样一场关于经济学研究目的的争论:法国经济学家西斯蒙第认为,单纯追求财富的增加是不对的,应该以人的幸福为目的,为此必须以公平的分配来克服增长的矛盾.而英国经济学家李嘉图则指出,人的发展只能以生产力的发展为基础,为了发展生产力,一切应在所不惜.马克思在评论这场争论时称赞了李嘉图科学的诚实和勇气,同时批判西斯蒙第忽视了“个性的高度发展,只 Wu Xiaoying: The study of ”economic man“ actually involves such a fundamental question as whether to treat people and society with moral evaluation only, or to analyze people and society from an analytical point of view. Debate on the purpose of economics: the French economist Sismondi believes that it is wrong to simply pursue the increase of wealth, and should aim at the happiness of human beings. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the contradiction of growth with fair distribution. Ricardian, an economist at the British level, pointed out that human development can only be based on the development of productive forces and that everything should be done in order to develop productive forces. In commenting on this debate, Marx praised Ricardo's honesty and courage in science and criticized the Sith Montgomery ignored the ”highly developed personality, only