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本文着重讨论了脉冲激振时所使用的脉冲锤垫片的力学模型。应用机械阻抗法原理通过实验测定垫片的动态响应曲线,按最小二乘法进行曲线拟合,求出它的力学参数,进而由所得参数根据脉冲锤锤击被测系统的运动方程,由计算机模拟计算出脉冲力在时域和频域中的波形,并求得激振的频率范围和能级大小,为获得垫片材料的动态性能建立了一种实验识别的方法。用这个方法所得的力脉冲波形与实验验证的结果颇为吻合,此外,还对被激励系统参数在一定范围内的变化对力脉冲波形的影响进行了计算,结果表明其影响是很少的。
This article focuses on the mechanical model of pulse hammer shims used in pulse excitation. The principle of mechanical impedance method was used to determine the dynamic response curve of washer and the curve fitting was performed according to the least squares method. The mechanical parameters of the washer were obtained. Then the equations of motion of the measured system were obtained by the hammer hammering by computer simulation The waveforms of the impulsive force in the time domain and the frequency domain are calculated, and the frequency range and energy level of the excitation are obtained. A method of experimental identification is established to obtain the dynamic performance of the gasket material. The force pulse waveform obtained by this method is in good agreement with the experimentally verified results. In addition, the influence of the variation of the excited system parameters on the force pulse waveform is also calculated. The results show that the influence of the force pulse waveform is very small.