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在中国,隐私权的产生和发展一直都依赖司法裁判的推动。近十年来,随着信息技术的飞速发展,司法裁判中隐私侵权案件攀升,出现诸多隐私纠纷的新类型。其中,空间隐私纠纷、个人信息纠纷、网络言论侵权纠纷是此类案件中争议较大、较有代表性的类型。通过对案例样本的比较分析,可以发现这些新兴隐私权在实践中都遭遇了不同层面的利益冲突,且在立法中尚未确立统一的救济标准。立法的缺位、模糊和冲突,使司法有了更多自由裁量的空间;法官在充分审视情理、政策、社会利益后所做的判决,意图调适法律确定性和开放性之间的冲突,实则是对现实社会需要的“回应”。
In China, the emergence and development of privacy has always been relied on judicial decisions. In the past decade, with the rapid development of information technology, privacy infringement cases in judicial adjudication climbed up and many new types of privacy disputes appeared. Among them, the disputes of space privacy, personal information and online speech infringement are the types of controversial and representative ones in such cases. Through comparative analysis of the case samples, we can find that these emerging privacy rights have encountered different levels of conflicts of interest in practice, and in the legislation has not yet established a unified relief standards. The lack of legislation, vagueness and conflict make the judiciary have more room for discretion. Judges, after fully examining the judgments made by reason, policy and social interests, intend to adjust the conflict between legal certainty and openness. In reality, however, It is “response” to the needs of the real society.