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为了探明在引入外源微生物的油菜秸秆和鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中微生物数量的变化规律,采用平板计数法定量研究了油菜秸秆和鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中不同部位细菌总数、放线菌、霉菌、酵母菌、纤维素分解细菌和固氮菌数量的变化规律。结果表明,堆肥的上层和中层中,细菌总数、酵母菌和纤维素分解细菌呈现增加—降低—增加的变化趋势,至发酵第40天,细菌总数、酵母菌和纤维素分解细菌分别为4.1×109和2.1×109、9.1×107和6.8×107、7.4×107和4.6×107CFU/g干堆肥;放线菌、霉菌和固氮菌的数量在升温期和高温期下降较快,降温期增加,但分别较发酵前降低了36.4%和39.34%、48.1%和49.41%、13.75%和35.46%;堆肥底层中各种微生物在数量上基本呈降低—增加的变化趋势。
In order to investigate the variation of microbial population during the aerobic composting of rapeseed and chicken manure with exogenous microorganisms, the plate counts were used to quantitatively study the total number of bacteria in different parts of the rapeseed straw and chicken manure aerobic composting, , Molds, yeasts, cellulolytic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The results showed that the total number of bacteria, yeast and cellulolytic bacteria increased, decreased and increased in the upper layer and the middle layer of composting. By the 40th day of fermentation, the total number of bacteria, yeasts and cellulolytic bacteria were 4.1 × 109 and 2.1 × 109, 9.1 × 107 and 6.8 × 107, 7.4 × 107 and 4.6 × 107CFU / g dry compost. The numbers of actinomycetes, molds and azotobacter decreased rapidly during the heating period and the high temperature period, But decreased by 36.4% and 39.34%, 48.1% and 49.41%, 13.75% and 35.46%, respectively, compared with that before fermentation. The amount of various microorganisms in the bottom layer of compost basically decreased-increased trend.