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传感器技术是信息技术的重要组成部分。近年来,随着科学技术的发展,这项技术已逐步形成为一个完整的体系,广泛应用于机器人、空间技术、海洋开发、生物工程、资源探测以及冶金、机械等的监测、控制和计量系统中。传感器是指具有利用光、电、磁、声、热、机械力、生物等能量、信息转换成相应的电信号,然后通过该电信号来控制或接收各种形式的能量和信号的功能的器件。例如,电视摄象机、敏感元件、换能器等都是传感器。传感器根据它的工作机理和效应,可分为物理传感器、化学传感器和生物传感器等数种。物理传感器就是根据光、电、声、磁、热等物理效应来制成的,又可分为红外线传感器、超声波传感器、磁传感器以及最近正
Sensor technology is an important part of information technology. In recent years, with the development of science and technology, this technology has been gradually formed into a complete system, widely used in the fields of robotics, space technology, marine development, bioengineering, resource exploration, and metallurgy and machinery monitoring, control and metering systems in. Sensor refers to the device with the function of using light, electricity, magnetism, sound, heat, mechanical force, biology and so on to convert the information into corresponding electric signal and then control or receive various forms of energy and signal by the electric signal . For example, TV cameras, sensors, transducers, etc. are all sensors. Sensor based on its working mechanism and effect, can be divided into several kinds of physical sensors, chemical sensors and biosensors. Physical sensor is based on light, electricity, sound, magnetism, heat and other physical effects made, and can be divided into infrared sensors, ultrasonic sensors, magnetic sensors and recently