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目的探讨高温热浪对北京市循环系统疾病发生的急性健康效应。方法收集北京市2009—2011年3所大型综合三甲医院循环系统疾病逐日入院急诊数据及同期气象环境资料,采用双向对称病例-交叉设计分析高温热浪事件对人群循环系统疾病急诊就诊人数的影响。结果 2009—2011年3年间北京市共发生5次高温热浪事件,期中35℃以上高温日33天,热浪日23天。双向1∶6配对病例-交叉研究分析发现,高温热浪当天对循环系统疾病急诊就诊人数的影响最大,最高温度每升高1℃,对总循环系统疾病就诊人数的OR=1.834(95%CI 1.767!1.922),对高血压疾病、缺血性心脏疾病及脑血管疾病的OR分别为1.912(95%CI 1.758!2.080)、1.770(95%CI 1.627!1.926)及1.846(95%CI 1.725!1.976)。高温热浪对65岁以上就诊人数的影响略大于65岁以下就诊人数。在考虑其他气象因素及污染物的混杂效应后,高温热浪对总循环系统疾病就诊人数的影响均具有统计学意义,且OR均变大。结论高温热浪事件对北京市人群循环系统疾病急诊人数的增加有影响。
Objective To investigate the acute health effects of high temperature heat waves on the circulatory system diseases in Beijing. Methods The data of daily admission emergency of circulatory system diseases and meteorological data of the same period collected from three large-scale comprehensive three-A hospitals in Beijing from 2009 to 2011 were collected. The bidirectional symmetrical cases-crossover design was used to analyze the influence of high temperature and heat wave events on the emergency attendance of circulatory system diseases in the population. Results In 2009-2011, there were five high temperature heat waves in Beijing during the three years from 2009 to 2011, with 33 days of high temperature above 35 ℃ and 23 days of heat wave. Two-way 1: 6 paired cases - Cross-sectional analysis found that the day of high temperature heat waves had the greatest impact on the number of emergency visits for circulatory diseases, with an increase of 1 ° C for every 1 ° C of total circulating disease (OR = 1.834 95% CI 1.767 1.922). The ORs for hypertension, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease were 1.912 (95% CI 1.758! 2.080), 1.770 (95% CI 1.627! 1.926) and 1.846 (95% CI 1.725! 1.976 ). The impact of high temperature heat waves on the number of people over the age of 65 slightly larger than the number of people under 65 years of age. After considering other meteorological factors and the mixed effects of pollutants, the effects of high temperature heat waves on the number of patients with total circulatory system disease were statistically significant, and the ORs became larger. Conclusion High temperature and heat wave events have an impact on the increase of emergency population of circulatory diseases in Beijing.