目的:观察与分析60例耐多药肺结核个体化治疗的疗效。方法:根据耐药情况将患者分三组,HR耐药组(Ⅰ)、HR+1药耐药组(Ⅱ)和≥HR+2药耐药组(Ⅲ)制定个体化方案,观察各组患者痰菌阴转及胸部X线好转率。结果:三组6、12及24月的痰菌阴转率及胸部X线好转率各为Ⅰ组71.4%、92.9%、92.9%、92.9%;Ⅱ组56.3%、62.5%、68.8%、81.3%;Ⅲ组40%、43.3%、40%、50%。Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:个体化治疗的疗效与患者耐多药、肺部空洞及病变广泛有关。尽早采取个体化化疗方案能提高耐多药肺结核的治愈率。 Objective: To observe and analyze the efficacy of 60 individual MDR-TB treatment. Methods: According to drug resistance, patients were divided into three groups, HR resistant group (Ⅰ), HR + 1 drug resistant group (Ⅱ) and ≥ HR + 2 drug resistant group (Ⅲ) Patients with sputum negative conversion and chest X-ray turnover rate. Results: The sputum negative conversion rate and chest X ray conversion rate were 71.4%, 92.9%, 92.9%, 92.9% in group Ⅰ, 56.3%, 62.5%, 68.8% and 81.3 %; Group Ⅲ 40%, 43.3%, 40%, 50%. The difference between group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The curative effect of individualized treatment is broadly related to patients’ multidrug resistance, lung cavity and lesion. As soon as possible to take individual chemotherapy can improve the cure rate of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.