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目的 探讨宫内发育迟缓与成年期高血压的关系。方法 对 1948～ 195 4年期间在北京协和医院出生的、具有完整出生记录并完成追访的部分单生子 3 47人进行了脉速测量。使用光电容积吸收法测量股动脉和足被动脉的脉速 ,同时测量身高、体重和血压等指标。应用分层分析和直线回归分析。控制血压、性别、成年期体重和身高等因素 ,评价出生指标和成年血压、股动脉脉速、足被动脉脉速的关系。结果 ①收缩压和出生体重〔b =-0 2 0 ( 95 %U～ 95 %L ,-0 3 0～ -0 10 )〕、双顶径〔b =-0 1( 95 %U～ 95 %L ,-0 2 0～ -0 0 1)〕、枕额径〔b =-0 16( 95 %U～95 %L ,-0 2 6～ -0 0 6)〕均有统计学意义 ,舒张压仅和枕额径〔b =-0 13 ( 95 %U～ 95 %L ,-0 2 3～ -0 0 3 )〕有统计学意义 ;②在血压正常人群中 ,足背动脉脉速和出生体重〔b =-0 13 ( 95 %U～ 95 %L ,-0 2 5～ -0 0 1)〕以及双顶径〔b =-0 15 ( 95 %U～ 95 %L ,-0 2 7～ -0 0 3 )〕均呈负相关关系 ,股动脉脉速和出生指标关系不显著 ;③高血压人群脉速和出生指标联系不明确。结论 宫内发育迟缓引起的动脉顺应性下降可能是联系宫内发育迟缓和成年期高血压的一个中间环节。
Objective To investigate the relationship between intrauterine growth retardation and adult hypertension. Methods A total of 347 single-born children, born at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing during 1948-1954 with complete birth records and completed follow-up, were measured for pulse rate. Photoplethysmography was used to measure the pulse rate of the femoral artery and the foot artery. Height, weight and blood pressure were also measured. Application of hierarchical analysis and linear regression analysis. Control of blood pressure, gender, body weight and height during adulthood and other factors, evaluation of birth index and adult blood pressure, femoral artery pulse rate, the relationship between the pulse rate of the foot artery. Results ① systolic blood pressure and birth weight 〔b = -0 2 0 (95% U ~ 95% L, -0 3 0 ~ -0 10)〕, biparietal diameter 〔b = -0 1 (95% U ~ 95% L, -0 2 0 ~ -0 0 1)〕, the amount of occipital diameter 〔b = -0 16 (95% U ~ 95% L, -0 2 6 ~ -0 6)〕 were statistically significant, Pressure only and the pillow diameter [b = -013 (95% U ~ 95% L, -0 2 3 ~ -0 0 3)] was statistically significant; ② in normotensive subjects, the dorsalis pedis artery pulse speed and Birth weight [b = -0.13 (95% U to 95% L, -025 to -010)] and biparietal diameter [b = -0.15 (95% U to 95% L, -0 2 7 ~ -0 0 3)〕 had a negative correlation, the relationship between the pulse rate of femoral artery and birth index was not significant; ③ The relationship between pulse rate and birth rate was not clear in hypertensive population. Conclusions The decrease of arterial compliance caused by intrauterine growth retardation may be an intermediate link between intrauterine growth retardation and adult hypertension.