日本《经济学人》周刊11月18日刊登了一篇题为《资源型国家的落日》的文章。文章称,国际货币基金组织(IMF)在10月公布的全球经济增长率预期中,下调了巴西和南非等新兴国家2014年国内生产总值(GDP)的增长率,其认为2014年巴西和南非等新兴国家增长率有了明显放缓。而这些国家的共同特点是,出口中资源类比重较大且对中国的依赖程度较高。对于新兴国家和资源型国家,尤其是经常赤字国来说,汇率不稳定也是一大祸患。经常收支赤字国 Japan’s “Economist” magazine published an article titled “Sunset over resource-based countries” on November 18. The article said the International Monetary Fund (IMF) announced in October the global economic growth expected in 2014, lowered the growth rate of emerging countries such as Brazil and South Africa’s gross domestic product (GDP), which in 2014 that Brazil and South Africa Growth rates in other emerging countries have obviously slowed down. The common feature of these countries is that they have a relatively large proportion of resources in exports and a high degree of reliance on China. For emerging countries and resource-based countries, especially the often deficit countries, the exchange rate instability is also a major scourge. Revenue and deficit countries often