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采用石灰和有效微生物群(Effective Microoganisms,EM)处理改善了大兴安岭森林生态系统土壤微酸性环境和较低的微生物活性特征,于2003~2005年采用网袋分解法,揭示土壤动物群落多样性特征,为土壤动物生态地理研究和森林生态系统管理提供科学依据。研究表明,分解袋内土壤动物多样性对石灰和EM处理的响应表现出以下特征:(1)处理样地土壤动物个体数增加但类群数减少,其中螨类和弹尾类增加明显。(2)石灰和EM处理降低了土壤动物群落的多样性,对应分析表明石灰样地与其他样地有所差异。(3)各样地不同网孔分解袋中土壤动物类群数表现为大孔>中孔>小孔,而个体数基本上为中孔>大孔>小孔,是由于网袋内中小型土壤动物占优势而大型土壤动物数量较少引起的。(4)土壤动物类群数、个体数和多样性指数在针叶和阔叶网袋中响应特征不同,但彼此间没有显著差异。
The use of lime and effective micro-flora (EM) treatment improved the slightly acidic soil environment and the low microbial activity in the forest ecosystem of Daxing’an Mountains. From 2003 to 2005, the net bag decomposition method was used to reveal the diversity characteristics of soil animal community, It provides a scientific basis for ecological research of soil fauna and management of forest ecosystem. The results showed that the response of soil animal diversity in decomposing bags to lime and EM treatment showed the following characteristics: (1) The number of soil fauna in the sample plots increased but the number of taxa decreased, while the mites and flies increased significantly. (2) Lime and EM treatment reduced the diversity of soil animal community, and the corresponding analysis showed that limestone and other plots were different. (3) The numbers of soil fauna in different types of cell dissociation bags showed macropores> mesopores> micropores, and the number of individuals was basically mesopores> macropores> micropores, which were due to the small and medium-sized soil Animals are predominant and large numbers of soil fauna are small. (4) The response characteristics of soil fauna, individuals and diversity indices in coniferous and broad-leaved net bags were different, but not significantly different from each other.