考察五四时期的文学创作,乡土小说无疑是其中一个“重中之重”的部分。这不仅仅是因为鲁迅创作的乡土小说登上了后人难以超越的高度,还在于五四时期的乡土小说开启了新文学直接并多角度地面向乡村民间、关注和审视乡村民间文化的先河。本文从五四时期的社会基础、作者的心理现状分析了乡土小说产生和盛行的原因。 When examining the literary creation during the May 4th Movement, local novels are undoubtedly one of the most important parts. This is not only because Lu Xun’s local novels boast a height beyond the reach of the descendants, but also because the local novels in the May 4th Movement opened up new literatures directly and multi-anglely to the rural folk and paid attention to and examined the precedent of the rural folk culture. This article analyzes the reasons for the emergence and prevalence of local novels from the social foundation of the May 4th Movement and the psychological status quo of the author.