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纳博科夫的小说《绝望》是一个由谋杀者讲述的谋杀故事。主人公先天性的自我分裂、主人公与影子人之间的相似性关系以及作者所采用的拟自传体的呈现方式,使小说具有了多重对话性因素。这种自我分裂与对话关系,将人性内涵作为叙述中心,在意识和潜意识层面引发不同层次的价值判断,将自我、他者、世界以交互主体的形式呈现,从而使文本进入主体间性的“我与你”的范畴,呈现出一个彼此平等、异质共存的对话世界,主人公不同层面的自我所形成的多重对话关系构成了文本的深层意义。
Nabokov’s novel Desperation is a murder story told by murderers. The congenital self-division of the protagonist, the similarity between the protagonist and the shadow person, and the presentation of the proposed autobiography used by the author make the novel have multiple intercourse factors. This kind of self-splitting and dialogue relationship takes the connotation of human nature as the center of narrative, induces different levels of value judgments on the level of consciousness and subconsciousness, presents the self, the other and the world in the form of interactive subject, so that the text enters into the intersubjective The category “Me and you” presents a world of dialogue that is equal and heterogeneous with each other. The multiple dialogues formed by the egos at different levels of the protagonist form the deep meaning of the text.