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本实验以青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)为研究对象,定性分析了通过电击实验鱼受到惊吓而产生的快速逃逸游泳行为,并定量分析了其疾冲游泳过程中加速度、最大疾冲游泳加速度和减速过程中的加速度。在自然光照下,保持实验水温为(20.0±1.0)℃。青鱼的3种不同体长规格分别为稚鱼(9.21±1.89)cm(n=30)、幼鱼(17.83±2.67)cm(n=30)和亚成体(61.45±0.80)cm(n=10)。实验过程中发现实验鱼逃逸游泳行为主要以疾冲-滑行的游泳方式进行,即实验鱼到达最大疾冲速度后身体保持固定直线不变的形式减速。3种体长实验鱼对应的最大绝对逃逸速度分别为(1.261±0.279)m/s、(1.542±0.280)m/s和(2.292±0.567)m/s,到达最大逃逸速度的时间分别为(0.249±0.089)s、(0.293±0.067)s和(0.216±0.024)s,其对应的最大相对逃逸速度,即实验鱼每秒内游泳距离相对于体长(BL)的倍数(以BL/s作为单位),分别为(13.694±3.032)BL/s、(8.648±1.571)BL/s和(3.729±0.923)BL/s。单因素方差分析表明,实验鱼的绝对疾冲速度随体长的增加而增加,亚成体的最大疾冲游泳速度显著大于稚鱼(P<0.05);相对疾冲速度随体长的增加而减小,3种实验鱼之间的最大相对疾冲游泳速度均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);亚成体的绝对滑行游泳加速度的绝对值显著高于幼鱼和稚鱼(P<0.05)。3种实验鱼之间的相对滑行加速度不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。
In this study, the rapid escape swimming behavior of fish exposed to electric shock was qualitatively analyzed in this study, and the acceleration, deceleration and acceleration during the swimming of swine were quantitatively analyzed Acceleration. Under natural light, keep the experimental water temperature (20.0 ± 1.0) ℃. The three different body length sizes of black carp were 9.21 ± 1.89 cm (n = 30), 17.83 ± 2.67 cm (n = 30) and 61.45 ± 0.80 cm (n = 10) ). During the experiment, it was found that the swimming behavior of experimental fish escapes mainly by swimming in a swamp-gliding manner, that is, the body maintains a constant straight line deceleration after the experimental fish reaches the maximum blasted speed. The maximum absolute escape velocity corresponding to three body length experimental fish was (1.261 ± 0.279) m / s, (1.542 ± 0.280) m / s and (2.292 ± 0.567) m / s respectively and the time to maximum escape velocity was ( 0.249 ± 0.089) s, (0.293 ± 0.067) s and (0.216 ± 0.024) s, respectively, corresponding to the maximum relative escape velocity, which is the multiple of the swimming distance per second to the body length (BL) (13.694 ± 3.032) BL / s, (8.648 ± 1.571) BL / s and (3.729 ± 0.923) BL / s, respectively. One-way analysis of variance showed that the absolute blasting speed of experimental fish increased with the increase of body length, and the maximum swimming speed of the sub-adults was significantly greater than that of juvenile fish (P <0.05). The relative speed of blasting decreased with body length (P <0.05). The absolute absolute value of the absolute gliding swimming acceleration in adulthood was significantly higher than that in juvenile fish and juvenile fish (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in relative gliding acceleration between the three experimental fish (P> 0.05).