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目的探讨抗菌药物不合理使用与不良反应的相关原因。方法从我院住院病例中抽取2015年8月-2016年8月期间175例病例,分析抗菌药物不合理使用与不良反应的相关性。结果在抽取的175个病历中,有84例(48.00%)存在不合理使用抗菌药物而导致不良反应的现象。其中有42例是由喹诺酮类药物引起的不良反应,占不良反应总数的50.00%;其次有23例药物不良反应是由β-内酰胺类抗生素引起的,占不良反应总数的27.38%。根据对这84例病例的观察及分析发现,有47例皮肤及软组织是不良反应的主要发生部位,约占55.95%,其次不良反应发生在消化系统的共24例,约达28.57%。Person相关性分析得出:滴速、剂量大小、给药时间、药液浓度等因素均与不良反应显著相关(P<0.05)。结论不良反应发生的主要原因与抗菌药物的不合理使用显著相关,应进一步提高抗菌药物使用的合理性,降低不良反应。
Objective To investigate the causes of unreasonable use of antimicrobial agents and adverse reactions. Methods A total of 175 cases were collected from our hospital from August 2015 to August 2016 to analyze the relationship between the unreasonable use of antimicrobial agents and adverse reactions. Results Among the 175 medical records collected, 84 (48.00%) had adverse reactions caused by unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs. Among them, 42 cases were caused by quinolones adverse reactions, accounting for 50.00% of the total number of adverse reactions; followed by 23 cases of adverse drug reactions caused by β-lactam antibiotics, accounting for 27.38% of the total number of adverse reactions. According to the observation and analysis of these 84 cases, 47 cases of skin and soft tissue were the major sites of adverse reactions, accounting for 55.95%. The second adverse reaction occurred in 24 cases of digestive system, accounting for about 28.57%. Person correlation analysis showed that: drip rate, dose size, administration time, drug concentration and other factors were significantly associated with adverse reactions (P <0.05). Conclusion The main causes of adverse reactions are significantly associated with the unreasonable use of antimicrobial agents. The rational use of antimicrobial agents should be further improved and the adverse reactions should be reduced.