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本文对乙醇在Ｎｉ－Ｐｂ／Ｃ催化剂上羰化反应的机理进行了研究，通过Ｘ－光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）和Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）对反应前后的催化剂进行了表征．得出了Ｎｉ催化剂的活性中心是零价的金属Ｎｉ，加入Ｐｂ使更多的Ｎｉ（２＋）还原成Ｎｉ０，增加了活性中心的数量。Ｈ２起着还原Ｎｉ（２＋）和使Ｎｉ０富集的双重作用，ＣＯ在反应过程中使富集的金属分散开来，Ｃ２Ｈ２Ｉ则使散开的催化活性位得到稳定。Ｐｂ的加入通过载体与Ｎｉ之间电荷传送，减少了Ｎｉ氧化态与还原态间的能量差，促进了Ｎｉ在反应中的循环，提高了催化剂的活性．
In this paper, the mechanism of the carbonylation of ethanol over Ni-Pb / C catalyst was studied. The catalysts before and after the reaction were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It is concluded that the active site of Ni catalyst is zero-valent metal Ni. The addition of Pb reduces more Ni (2+) to Ni0 and increases the number of active sites. H2 plays a dual role of reducing Ni (2+) and enriching Ni0, CO disperses the enriched metal during the reaction, and C2H2I stabilizes the diffused catalytic active sites. The addition of Pb through the charge transfer between the support and Ni reduces the energy difference between the Ni oxidation state and the reduction state, promotes the cycling of Ni in the reaction and improves the activity of the catalyst.