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The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. Driven by ATP hydrolysis, TAP translocates antigenic peptides from the cytosol into the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) lumen where the antigenic peptides are loaded onto the HLA class Ⅰ molecules. Recently, numerous studies show that TAP is closely related with various diseases such as viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and different malignancies. In consideration of important roles of TAP in human adaptive immunity, this review summarizes the recent advances in structure-function relationships of crucial domains and transport mechanism systematically. The challenging problems and potential methods are also pointed out for in-depth researches.
The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. Driven by ATP hydrolysis, TAP translocates antigenic peptides from the cytosol into the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) lumen where the antigenic peptides are loaded onto the Recently, numerous studies show that TAP is closely related with various diseases such as viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and different malignancies. In consideration of important roles of TAP in human adaptive immunity, this review summarizes the recent advances in structure -function relationships of crucial domains and transport mechanism systematically. The challenging problems and potential methods are also pointed out for in-depth researches.