小儿肺炎是儿童期最常见疾病之一,严重地威胁着小儿的健康与生命。在乳幼儿的死亡原因中,肺炎占第三位(1),因此,小儿肺炎迄今仍为儿科上的重要课题。小儿肺炎中以枝气管肺炎为最常见,尤多见于两岁以下之幼儿,据国内各地报告,其发病率在10—20%,而两岁以下之幼儿又占其中之70—80%,死亡率在15%左右,年令愈小死 Pediatric pneumonia is one of the most common childhood diseases, a serious threat to children’s health and life. Pneumonia accounts for the third most common cause of death among infants and young children (1), and pediatric pneumonia is by far the most important pediatric issue. In children, pneumonia is the most common type of bronchopneumonia, especially in young children under two years of age. According to reports from all over the country, the incidence is 10-20%, while 70-80% of infants under two years of age die again The rate of 15% or so, the smaller the annual death