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长久以来,工业革命发端于英国,并由此带来人类世界的资本主义化和现代化的说法,统治着国际历史学界。从而不论是亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲,还是欧洲的其他国家,都在探讨自己的社会为什么缺失了近代性因素,而中国史学界也长期流行着“停滞论”一说。本文通过比较清朝和奥斯曼帝国历史中更早于近代性的前近代性因素,认为,它们不但在当时都有能够通向现代的积极因素,而且有着超越当下民族国家式、工具理性式现代社会的重要因素,值得重新反思。
For a long time, the industrial revolution originated in the United Kingdom and brought about the capitalist and modernization of the human world. It ruled the international history academia. Therefore, no matter in Asia, Africa, Latin America, or other countries in Europe, they are discussing why their own society lacks the modernity and Chinese historians have also been saying for so long. By comparing the former modernity factors in the history of the Qing Dynasty and the Ottoman Empire earlier than the modern one, this paper argues that not only did they have the positive factors that can lead to the modern times, but also have the modern society that surpasses the current nationality and instrumental rationalism Important factor, it is worth rethinking.