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环境问题与经济问题紧密相连,由于环境问题的综合性和复杂性,需要运用系统工程的方法和经济学原理,将环境问题置于整个经济系统中统筹考虑,建立相对完整的环境经济系统工程方法体系,将环境保护工作纳入经济社会发展中,使其成为决策中主要考虑的因素之一,并引起应有的重视。本研究从环境与经济承载力、环境投资的经济分析、环境与投资效率比较、环境资源的经济价值以及生态补偿与污染赔偿等方面构建环境经济系统工程的基本框架体系,并结合实际进行案例分析。研究表明,单纯的政府行政干预不如创造条件,如补偿、税收减免、投资、贴息等,使其具备在市场规则下.自动引导资源向环境保护与污染治理的投入,如排污指标的交易等。此外,自然资源是不可或缺的稀有资本,应该将保护生态系统及生物多样性纳入各级政府决策的主要方面。
Environmental issues are closely linked with economic issues. Due to the comprehensiveness and complexity of environmental issues, we need to apply the principles of systems engineering and economics to put environmental issues in the overall economic system for overall consideration and to establish relatively complete environmental and economic systems engineering methods System, incorporating environmental protection into economic and social development, making it one of the main considerations in decision-making and attracting the attention it deserves. This research builds the basic framework system of environmental economic system engineering from the aspects of environment and economic carrying capacity, economic analysis of environmental investment, comparison of environment and investment efficiency, economic value of environmental resources and ecological compensation and pollution compensation, and carries out case analysis . The research shows that simple government administrative intervention is not as good as creating conditions, such as compensation, tax relief, investment, interest subsidy and so on, so that it can automatically guide resource investment in environmental protection and pollution control, such as trading of sewage indicators under the market rules. In addition, natural resources are an indispensable and scarce resource and should include conservation ecosystems and biodiversity in the main areas of government decision-making.