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[目的]研究胃癌患者外周血和癌组织中以及正常胃黏膜的γδT细胞的数量变化和可能的功能改变。[方法]采用胃癌术后和非胃癌的胃溃疡病人(对照)组织样本,并取病人外周血30ml,分离其单核细胞。流式细胞仪检测外周血中γδT细胞数量百分比、正常胃黏膜和胃癌组织中的γδT细胞百分比和胃癌组织中Vδ1γδT细胞NKG2D的表达。[结果]Vγ9γδT细胞在胃癌患者外周血中的百分比显著低于对照组(2.95%±3.71%vs4.31%±3.64%,P=0.041),Vδ2γδT细胞百分比也低于对照组,但没有统计学差异(2.82%±3.63%vs4.02%±3.51%,P=0.115)。Vδ1γδT细胞在胃癌组织中的百分比显著低于正常胃黏膜(41.41%±15.04%vs53.44%±16.32%,P=0.027)。胃癌组织Vδ2、Vγ9γδT细胞的百分比与正常胃黏膜比较无显著性差异。胃癌组织中产生γ-IFN的Vδ1γδT细胞数为3.18±1.98,显著低于正常胃黏膜(5.87±3.25,P=0.007)。NKG2D表达与胃癌组织中生产γ-IFN的Vδ1γδT细胞呈显著正相关(r=0.78,P=0.007)。[结论]在胃癌组织中,Vδ1γδT细胞的数量明显下降,其功能受损。NKG2D的表达下降可能是Vδ1γδT细胞受抑制的原因之一。
[Objective] To study the quantitative changes and possible functional changes of γδT cells in peripheral blood and cancer tissues of patients with gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa. [Method] Tissue samples of patients with gastric ulcer after gastric cancer operation and non-gastric cancer (control) were taken and 30ml of peripheral blood of patients were taken and their monocytes were isolated. The percentage of γδT cells in peripheral blood, the percentage of γδT cells in normal gastric mucosa and gastric cancer tissues and the expression of NKG2D in Vδ1γδT cells in gastric cancer tissues were detected by flow cytometry. [Results] The percentage of Vγ9γδT cells in the peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients was significantly lower than that of the control group (2.95% ± 3.71% vs 4.31% ± 3.64%, P = 0.041), and the percentage of Vδ2γδT cells was also lower than that of the control group (2.82% ± 3.63% vs 4.02% ± 3.51%, P = 0.115). The percentage of Vδ1γδT cells in gastric cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in normal gastric mucosa (41.41% ± 15.04% vs53.44% ± 16.32%, P = 0.027). There was no significant difference in the percentage of Vδ2 and Vγ9γδT cells between gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa. The number of Vδ1γδT cells producing γ-IFN in gastric cancer tissues was 3.18 ± 1.98, which was significantly lower than that in normal gastric mucosa (5.87 ± 3.25, P = 0.007). NKG2D expression was positively correlated with Vδ1γδT cells producing γ-IFN in gastric cancer (r = 0.78, P = 0.007). [Conclusion] The number of Vδ1γδT cells in gastric cancer tissues decreased significantly, impaired its function. The decreased expression of NKG2D may be one of the reasons for the inhibition of Vδ1γδT cells.