心率变异性（ＨＲＶ）可用于评价健康者和病人自主神经系统的波动。本文论述ＨＲＶ分析方法、测量标准、正常参考值、产生机理、生理解释及其应用。ＨＲＶ在临床可以作为预测急性心梗后死亡和糖尿病人早期神经损伤的指标；在航天医学研究中，可以提供失重和模拟失重后自主神经调节变化的信息，可评价各应激试验的特因耐力，可用于研究心血管系统的调节机制和评定失重对抗措施的训练效果 Heart rate variability (HRV) can be used to assess fluctuations in the autonomic nervous system of healthy and patients. This article discusses HRV analysis methods, measurement standards, normal reference values, production mechanism, physiological interpretation and its application. HRV can be used clinically as an indicator of mortality and early nerve damage in diabetic patients; in aeromedical research, information on changes in autonomic nervous system after weightlessness and simulated weightlessness can be provided, and the impulsivity of each stress test can be evaluated , Can be used to study the regulatory mechanism of the cardiovascular system and to assess the training effect of weightlessness countermeasures