对热挤压钢管用挤压模的典型失效模式进行了全面分析。显微硬度及金相组织研究结果表明,挤压过程中润滑不良,挤压模局部金属发生奥氏体化导致挤压模强度降低是造成挤压模失效的主要原因。在此基础上,提出了优化挤压模材质和几何结构以及选择合适润滑剂来提高挤压模的使用寿命的解决方案。 A comprehensive analysis of the typical failure modes of extrusion dies for hot-extruded steel pipe is carried out. The results of microhardness and microstructure study show that the main cause of the failure of extrusion die is the poor lubrication in the extrusion process and the austenitization of the local metal in the extrusion die, resulting in the decrease of the strength of the extrusion die. On this basis, the solution of optimizing the material and geometry of the extrusion die and selecting the appropriate lubricant to improve the service life of the extrusion die is proposed.