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目的了解云南省武定县、会泽县农村村民营养、食品安全知识认知现状,并对营养宣教进行效果评价。方法在云南省2个贫困县的项目村开展营养知识宣传教育,覆盖项目村50%的住户。用干预前后的认知情况做对比分析,评价营养宣教效果。结果基线调查人数为804人,其中女性703人占87.44%,汉族751人占93.41%,文化程度为小学及以下的703人占87.44%;终期调查人数为832人,其中女性715人占85.94%,汉族755人占90.75%,文化程度为小学及以下的722人占86.78%。经过营养宣教后,农村村民对营养知识得分从(3.49±1.94)分提高为(6.17±1.35)分,食品安全知识得分从(5.18±2.69)分提高为(8.31±1.75)分。膳食多样化评分为9~12分及以上的从干预前的27.74%增加到65.24%。结论基线与终期调查均以女性、汉族、低文化水平占多数。干预前,调查对象营养、食品安全知识知晓率、膳食多样化程度均较低,经过营养宣教干预后知晓率、膳食多样化程度有大幅度提高。
Objective To understand the status quo of nutrition and food safety knowledge of villagers in Wuding County and Huize County of Yunnan Province and to evaluate the effect of nutrition education. Methods Nutrition knowledge education was conducted in project villages in two poor counties in Yunnan Province, covering 50% of the households in the project village. Before and after intervention with the cognitive situation to do comparative analysis to evaluate the effect of nutrition education. Results The number of baseline survey was 804, of which 703 were women, 87.44%, 751 were Han, 93.41%, 703 were primary and below 70.44%; the final survey was 832, of which 715 were female 85.94 %, Han 755 people accounted for 90.75%, the education level of primary and secondary 722 people accounted for 86.78%. After nutrition education, villagers in rural areas improved their nutrition knowledge score from (3.49 ± 1.94) points to (6.17 ± 1.35) points and food safety knowledge score from (5.18 ± 2.69) points to (8.31 ± 1.75) points. Dietary diversity score of 9 to 12 points and above increased from 27.74% before intervention to 65.24%. Conclusions Both baseline and final survey are female, Han nationality, with a low level of literacy. Before the intervention, respondents’ knowledge of nutrition, food safety awareness and dietary diversification were all low. After the nutrition education intervention, the awareness rate and diet diversification increased significantly.