论文部分内容阅读
１９９１～１９９６年在河南省１２市、县开展了５岁以下儿童生命监测工作。结果显示１９９６年河南省新生儿平均死亡率为２０．０３‰；婴儿平均死亡率为２９．６４‰；５岁以下儿童平均死亡率为３３．１８‰，较１９９１年新生儿死亡下降３９．４５％；婴儿死亡率下降２８．０５％；５岁以下儿童死亡率下降３１％。年平均下降速率分别是８．１２％、７．８３％和６．７９％。１９９１～１９９６年河南省５岁以下儿童前３位主要死因出生窒息、早产和低出生体重、肺炎序位略有波动，但其构成比变化明显，肺炎构成比下降，其它２死因构成比上升；在儿童死前保健服务方面，尽管农村儿童死前保健服务有所改善，但仍有４０％左右儿童死于转诊途中和家中。提示今后干预方面疾病重点已发生变化，保健工作重点仍在农村。
From 1991 to 1996, 12 cities and counties in Henan Province carried out life-monitoring activities for children under 5 years of age. The results showed that the average neonatal death rate in Henan Province in 1996 was 20.03 ‰; the average infant mortality rate was 29.64 ‰; the average death rate of children under 5 years old was 33.18 ‰, 39.45 deaths compared with 1991 %; Infant mortality rate decreased 28.05%; children under 5 years old mortality decreased 31%. The average annual rate of decline is 8.12%, 7.83% and 6.79% respectively. The first three major causes of death in children under 5 years of age from 1991 to 1996 in Henan Province were asphyxia, premature birth and low birth weight, and the order of pneumonia was slightly fluctuated. However, their constitutional ratio changed obviously, the constituent ratio of pneumonia decreased, and the proportions of the other two causes of death increased. In the area of pre-natal health services, despite the improvement in the provision of prenatal health services for rural children, about 40% of children still die at the referral and at home. Prompt intervention in the future focus of disease has changed, the focus of health care is still rural.