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目的观察石家庄地区雾霾天气对肺心病患者病情的影响及采用雾霾防护措施对患者病情的影响。方法 80例未采用雾霾防护措施的肺心病患者作为研究对象并纳入无防护组,另选取80例采用雾霾防护措施的肺心病患者作为研究对象并纳入雾霾防护组。观察比较两组患者治疗前后血流动力学变化情况、患者肺心病急性加重发生情况和肺心病并发症发生情况以评价雾霾对肺心病患者病情的影响和应用防霾措施干预的治疗效果。结果防护组患者共75例(93.75%)完成研究;疗前两组患者RVPEP/AT比值差异无统计学意义(U=0.44,P=0.78),治疗后两组患者RVPEP/AT比值均较治疗前升高,但防护组患者该比值与治疗前相比差异无统计学意义(U=1.66,P=0.14),对照组患者该比值较治疗前明显上升(U=5.42,P<0.01),且治疗后防护组患者该比值明显低于无防护组(U=3.32,P<0.01);防护组患者肺心病急性加重平均发生次数明显低于无防护组(U=3.16,P<0.01);防护组患者平均住院时间明显短于对照组(U=6.96,P<0.01);防护组患者肺心病并发症发生率明显低于对照组χ2=4.58,P=0.03)。结论石家庄地区雾霾天气可显著加重肺心病患者病情,采用佩戴N95口罩、应用空气净化器等防霾措施可以延缓肺心病患者肺动脉压升高,减少患者急性加重次数和并发症发生率,缩短患者住院时间。
Objective To observe the effect of smoggy weather in Shijiazhuang on the condition of patients with pulmonary heart disease and the effect of smog protection measures on the patients’ condition. Methods Eighty patients with cor pulmonale who did not adopt haze protection measures were enrolled in this study and enrolled in the group without protection group. Another 80 patients with pulmonary heart disease with haze protection measures were selected and included in the smog protection group. The changes of hemodynamics, the acute exacerbation of pulmonary heart disease and the complication of pulmonary heart disease in both groups were observed and compared before and after treatment to evaluate the effect of smog on the condition of patients with pulmonary heart disease and the effect of haze intervention. Results There were 75 cases (93.75%) in the protective group. The RVPEP / AT ratio was not significantly different between the two groups before treatment (U = 0.44, P = 0.78) (U = 1.66, P = 0.14). The ratio of patients in the control group was significantly higher than that before treatment (U = 5.42, P <0.01), but the difference was not statistically significant After treatment, the ratio of patients with protective group was significantly lower than those without protective group (U = 3.32, P <0.01). The average number of acute exacerbations of patients with protective group was significantly lower than those without protective group (U = 3.16, P <0.01) The average length of hospital stay in protective group was significantly shorter than that in control group (U = 6.96, P <0.01). The incidence of pulmonary heart disease in protective group was significantly lower than that in control group (χ2 = 4.58, P = 0.03). Conclusion The smogging weather in Shijiazhuang area can significantly aggravate the disease of patients with pulmonary heart disease. The use of N95 masks and the application of anti-haze measures such as air purifiers can delay pulmonary hypertension in patients with pulmonary heart disease, reduce the frequency of acute exacerbations and complications, shorten the patients Hospitalization time.