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目的探讨儿童颈静脉扩张症的临床表现及误诊原因。方法回顾性分析21例颈静脉扩张症患儿临床表现,以及彩色多普勒超声检查特点,并与对照组21例无颈静脉扩张的儿童进行对比,总结其临床表现、诊断方法及误诊原因。结果研究组21例患儿临床表现主要为大声讲话、屏气时颈部隆起肿块,安静时消失,确诊前平均就诊2.4次,给予辅助检查1.9次。对照组21例儿童在大声讲话、屏气时无明显颈部肿块隆起。彩色多普勒超声检查研究组与对照组平静时颈静脉最大内径比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),大声喊叫或做Valsalva动作时两组颈静脉最大内径比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本组患儿均经彩色多普勒超声确诊。结论本病临床表现典型,正确的彩色多普勒超声检查是诊断本病的有效方法。临床上提高对本病的认识,可以减少误诊。
Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and misdiagnosis of jugular vein dilatation in children. Methods The clinical manifestations, color Doppler echocardiography in 21 children with jugular vein dilatation were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, diagnosis methods and causes of misdiagnosis in 21 children with jugular vein dilatation in the control group were compared. Results The clinical manifestations of 21 cases in the study group were mainly loud speeches. When the air was breath-hold, the neck bulged mass and disappeared when quiet. Before the diagnosis, the average treatment was 2.4 times and the auxiliary examination was given 1.9 times. In the control group, 21 children were speaking loudly, with no significant neck swelling. There was no significant difference in the maximum diameter of jugular vein between study group and control group (P> 0.05), and the maximum diameter of jugular vein between two groups was statistically significant when shouting or doing Valsalva (P <0.05) ). The children were diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasound. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of this disease is typical, the correct color Doppler ultrasound is an effective method to diagnose the disease. Clinically improve the understanding of the disease, can reduce misdiagnosis.