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为揭示土壤微生物代谢产物的组成及其在植物化感作用中的影响机制,采用GC-MS比较分析不同林龄木麻黄林地特有细菌与木麻黄土壤、根、凋落物的代谢产物,并研究木麻黄林地特有细菌发酵液对3种乡土树种青皮、红厚壳和杨叶肖槿种子萌发的影响.结果表明:木麻黄林地特有细菌代谢产物主要为酸、酯、烷、醛、酮、酰胺、酚类、醚类、吡喃、吡啶等有机化合物.以甲醇为萃取剂共萃取出60余种物质,以正己烷为萃取剂共萃取出20余种物质.与木麻黄土壤、根、凋落物浸提液GC-MS结果比较,发现2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、硬脂酸甲酯、1,2,3,4-丁四醇、甘油醚和苯并吡喃5种相同物质,及仅在特有细菌中存在的4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚.该物质与土壤浸提液中2,4-二叔丁基苯酚的结构类似,二者可通过烷基取代发生转化.表明木麻黄林地土壤细菌产生的代谢产物可在土壤中积累,或经过转化后进入土壤.木麻黄林地特有细菌发酵液对青皮、红厚壳和杨叶肖槿种子的生物测定结果表明,其发酵液对三种植物种子萌发均具有抑制作用,对青皮种子的抑制作用最为强烈,最低发芽率为25.3%,最强化感效应指数为-0.43.说明土壤细菌代谢产物参与了木麻黄的化感作用.
In order to reveal the composition of soil microbial metabolites and its mechanism of plant allelopathy, GC-MS was used to compare and analyze the metabolites of the specific bacteria and the roots, litter of Casuarina equisetifolia in different ages, Effects of Bacterial Fermentation Broths on the Seed Germination of Three Species of Native Tree Species Peel, Rhodiola crenulatus and Populus chinensis Franch. The results showed that the main bacterial metabolites of Casuarina equisetifolia were acids, esters, alkanes, aldehydes, ketones, amides, Phenols, ethers, pyrans, pyridine, etc. More than 60 kinds of materials were extracted with methanol as extractant and more than 20 kinds of materials were extracted with n-hexane as extractant. The results of GC-MS showed that 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, methyl stearate, 1,2,3,4-butanetetraol, glycerol ether and benzopyran were the same, And 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol present only in endemic bacteria This substance has a similar structure to 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol in the soil extract and both can be converted by alkyl substitution The results showed that the metabolites produced by bacteria in the soil of Casuarina equisetifolia could accumulate in soil, The results showed that the fermentation broth could inhibit the seed germination of all three plants and inhibit the growth of the seed of the green peel The strongest, the lowest germination rate was 25.3%, the strongest allergenic effect index was -0.43, indicating that soil bacterial metabolites involved in the allelopathic effects of Casuarina.