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为制备稀土类质量轻且无铅毒的屏蔽材料,首先,利用Sm~2O_3与马来酸酐(MA)通过沉淀法合成了马来酸钐配合物(Sm-MA);然后,将Sm-MA用于改性三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM),制备了Sm-MA/EPDM复合材料;最后,采用TG、FTIR、SEM和XRD对Sm-MA进行测试,并分别表征了Sm-MA/EPDM复合材料的力学性能、微观形貌和屏蔽性能(X射线能量为59.3keV)。TG结果显示Sm-MA在850℃左右热分解失重趋于终止,Sm-MA的总失重率为43.7%,由实验数据算得的Sm-MA中Sm的含量(47.6wt%)与理论计算值46.8wt%基本相符;FTIR谱图显示MA的—COOH特征吸收峰在形成配合物后消失,并出现羧酸根的对称与反对称伸缩振动吸收峰,表明Sm~3+与MA发生键合。力学性能和屏蔽性能测试结果表明Sm-MA能显著增强EPDM的力学性能和屏蔽性能,当Sm-MA与EPDM的质量比为60∶100时,Sm-MA/EPDM复合材料的性能达到最优,拉伸强度为18.3 MPa,补强率达33.6%,屏蔽率达77.1%。所得结论表明添加无毒的金属配合物既可改善复合材料的性能,又能增加其与环境的相容性。
To prepare rare-earth light-weight and lead-free poisonous shielding materials, firstly, the Sm-MA maleate compound (Sm-MA) was synthesized by precipitation method using Sm ~ 2O_3 and maleic anhydride (MA) Sm-MA / EPDM composites were prepared by modified EPDM. At last, Sm-MA was tested by TG, FTIR, SEM and XRD. Sm-MA / The mechanical properties, microstructure and shielding properties of the material (X-ray energy of 59.3keV). TG results showed that the thermal decomposition weight loss of Sm-MA tended to cease at about 850 ℃. The total weight loss rate of Sm-MA was 43.7%. The Sm content (47.6wt%) in Sm-MA calculated from the experimental data was in agreement with the theoretical value of 46.8 wt%. The FTIR spectra showed that the characteristic absorption peak of -COOH disappeared after the formation of complex, and the symmetrical and antisymmetric stretching vibrational absorption peaks of carboxylate appeared, indicating that Sm ~ 3 + bound with MA. The mechanical properties and shielding properties of Sm-MA / EPDM composites show that Sm-MA can significantly improve the mechanical properties and shielding properties of EPDM. The Sm-MA / EPDM composites achieve the best performance when the mass ratio of Sm-MA to EPDM is 60:100, Tensile strength of 18.3 MPa, reinforcing rate of 33.6%, shielding rate of 77.1%. The conclusions obtained show that adding non-toxic metal complexes can not only improve the performance of composites, but also increase their compatibility with the environment.