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空间设计的革命性,必将引起建筑形态的变异。本文以形态学的分析方法研究形式和空间的基本要素,探讨要素的组合手段,指出模型在空间训练中的重要性,以期理解、掌握现代建筑设计。 建筑形态和空间结构的“复杂”已成为现代空间设计的特征之一。近年来,建筑物的构成发生了重大变化。承重的结构与非承重的表皮发生了分离,机电设施占有越来越重要的地位。建筑的外部形体是内部空间的反映,有什么样的内部空间,就会形成什么样的外部形体。空间的多元化和复杂性,使设计师对抽象空间想象受到一定限制,必须借助工作模型、电脑虚拟空间及相关的模拟分析,一同配合表达三度空间中极具变化的实体和空间。这个新趋势所带来的建筑特征是形式的极度自由化和曲线化。在表现空间意念和手段中,模型具有更实际的意义。美国当代建筑大师弗兰克·盖里的建筑设计过程是:先有草图再有模型,再通过三度空间数字化仪,将它输入电脑,成为数字化的电脑模型,利用电脑模拟进行空间分析、结构分析、细部与光线的分析等等,最后再从电脑模型中转换出所需的各种二度空间图纸,在造型和空间上创造了史无前例的变化与特征。盖里的建筑设计中模型起到了关键的作用,同时也开创了当代数字化建筑的思考模式。建筑就在有形的层面上而言,离不开空间。?
The revolutionary design of space will inevitably lead to the variation of architectural forms. This paper studies the basic elements of form and space by means of morphological analysis, discusses the means of combination of elements, points out the importance of the model in space training in order to understand and master the modern architectural design. The “complexity” of architectural form and spatial structure has become one of the characteristics of modern space design. In recent years, the composition of buildings has undergone major changes. The load-bearing structure and the non-load-bearing cut off the skin, electrical and mechanical facilities occupy an increasingly important position. The external shape of the building is a reflection of the internal space, what kind of internal space, what kind of external shape will be formed. Due to the diversity and complexity of the space, the designers have some limitations on the imagination of the abstract space. They must work together to express the highly varying entities and spaces in the third space by means of working models, computer virtual space and related simulation analysis. The architectural features brought about by this new trend are the extreme liberalization and curvilinearization of forms. In the expression of space ideas and means, the model has more practical significance. The architectural design process of Frank Gehry, the contemporary American architect, is as follows: first sketch and then model; then enter the computer through three-dimensional space digitizer to become a digitized computer model; make use of computer simulation for spatial analysis, structural analysis, Details and light analysis, etc. Finally, from the computer model to convert the required a variety of second-dimensional space drawings, modeling and space to create unprecedented changes and characteristics. The model in Gehry’s architectural design plays a key role, but it also opens the way for thinking about contemporary digital architecture. Building on the tangible level, is inseparable from the space. ?