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目的了解佛山市副溶血性弧菌(VP)血清型分布和毒力基因携带情况,为食品安全的评估及防治VP引起的食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法对2010—2012年佛山市食品污染物检测和食物中毒病人中分离获得的VP进行血清学分型,并采用多重PCR检测其耐热直接溶血素基因(tdh)和耐热直接相关溶血素基因(trh)携带情况。结果 2010—2012年间共分离得到VP 163株,包括食品来源的116株,其中2010年分离得到20株,2011年11株,2012年76株;病例来源的47株,其中2010年21株,2011年11株,2012年15株。本次共分离出8个血清群,以O1、O2和O3群为主,占77.91%(127/163)。其中食品中分离到的8个菌群,以O2群为主,占36.21%(42/116)。临床病人中分离到的VP菌株分属3个血清群,分别为O1、O3、O4群,以O3群最常见,占61.70%(29/47)。食品来源与临床病人来源的菌株血清群分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。116株分离自食品的菌株中3株菌株检测出tdh毒力基因,检出率为2.59%;47株分离自临床病人的菌株中,45株菌株检测出tdh毒力基因,检出率为95.74%。所有菌株均未检测到trh基因。结论食品分离株血清群呈多样性,引起佛山市食物中毒的VP主要为O3群、tdh阳性的菌株。应加强监控不同来源菌株的变化趋势和流行情况,为VP引起的食物中毒预防、诊断提供实验室依据。
Objective To understand the distribution of serotypes and virulence genes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) in Foshan, and to provide a scientific basis for food safety assessment and prevention of foodborne diseases caused by VP. Methods The serotypes of VP isolated from food contaminants detection and food poisoning in Foshan City from 2010 to 2012 were genotyped and multiplexed PCR was used to detect the expression of heat-resistant direct hemolysin (tdh) and heat-resistant directly related hemolysin trh) to carry the situation. Results A total of 163 strains of VP were isolated from 2010 to 2012, including 116 from food sources. Among them, 20 strains were isolated in 2010, 11 strains in 2011 and 76 strains in 2012; 47 strains were derived from them, of which 21 strains in 2010 and 2011 11 in year, 15 in 2012. A total of 8 serogroups were isolated, mainly O1, O2 and O3, accounting for 77.91% (127/163). Among the 8 isolated bacteria in the food, O2 group was the main component, accounting for 36.21% (42/116). VP strains isolated from clinical patients belonged to 3 serogroups, which were O1, O3 and O4 groups, respectively. The O3 group was the most common, accounting for 61.70% (29/47). The distribution of serogroups between the source of food and clinical patients was statistically significant (P <0.01). Tdh virulence genes were detected in 3 of 116 strains isolated from food, and the detection rate was 2.59%. Among 47 strains isolated from clinical patients, 45 strains were detected tdh virulence genes, the detection rate was 95.74 %. No trh gene was detected in all strains. Conclusion The serogroups of food isolates are diversified. The VP causing food poisoning in Foshan is mainly O3 and tdh-positive strains. We should strengthen the monitoring of the trend and prevalence of strains from different sources and provide a laboratory basis for the prevention and diagnosis of food poisoning caused by VP.