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一、前言 我国陆地高程均以1950—1956年青岛大港平均海水面为起算面,又称黄海平均海水面(简称黄海零面,下同)。高程测量一般可分为四种,即水准测量、三角高程测量、气压高程测量和利用人造地球卫星进行三维定位粗略算出高程。四种方法中以水准测量精度最高。海洋站潮高基准面与国家基本水准点之间的高程差,规范要求定期进行三等水准测量,这种测量两次差值一般不超过1厘米(地震前后测量结果例外)。沿海与大陆直接相连的有潮汐观测的海洋站,这个要求基本上都达到了。海洋站的波浪和气象观测,要求测点高程准确到
I. Introduction The terrestrial elevations of our country are all based on the average sea level of Qingdao Dagang in 1950-1956, also known as the average sea level of the Yellow Sea (referred to as the zero surface of the Yellow Sea for the same below). Elevation measurement generally can be divided into four kinds, namely level measurement, triangle elevation measurement, pressure elevation measurement and the use of artificial earth satellite for three-dimensional positioning roughly calculate the elevation. The four methods to level the highest accuracy. The elevation difference between the tidal level datum of the marine station and the national basic level point requires the regular third-level measurement. The difference between the two measurements is usually less than 1 cm (except for the measurement before and after the earthquake). This requirement has basically been met by tidal observation marine stations directly connected to the mainland by the sea. Waves and meteorological observations at the ocean station require that the survey points be accurately located