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采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪以及热力学计算等方法研究了不同钒含量的含铌高镍铬无限冷硬铸铁的微观组织及磨损性能的变化规律。研究表明,钒含量从3.0%增加到6.0%,组织中碳化物逐渐由网状向颗粒状和短条状转变,由沿晶分布向均匀分布转变,铸态硬度和回火硬度均呈现出上升趋势,耐磨性逐渐增加;含量达到7.5%时碳化物发生了过度长大现象,硬度下降,耐磨性降低。均匀弥散分布的颗粒状碳化物有利于耐磨性的提高。碳化物的细化或者粗化取决于钒对相图中碳化物生长区域的减小或者增大的影响。
The microstructure and wear behavior of Nb-containing high Ni-Cr alloy with different vanadium contents were investigated by means of metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermodynamic calculation. The results show that the content of vanadium increases from 3.0% to 6.0%, and the carbide in the microstructure changes from the network to the granular and the short strip, and the distribution changes from the intergranular distribution to the uniform distribution. Both the as-cast hardness and the tempering hardness increase Trend, wear resistance gradually increased; content of 7.5% carbide excessive growth phenomenon occurs, the hardness decreases, reducing wear resistance. Evenly dispersed particles of granular carbide is conducive to the improvement of wear resistance. The refinement or coarsening of carbides depends on the effect of vanadium on the reduction or increase of carbide growth areas in the phase diagram.