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提出并设计了一套新型的大气水汽和气溶胶探测用紫外域拉曼激光雷达系统,以二向色镜和超窄带滤光片构成高效率拉曼光谱分光系统,实现激光雷达大气回波信号中米-瑞利散射信号、氮气和水汽的振动拉曼散射信号的精细分离和高效率提取.利用美国标准大气的分子散射模型和实测的大气米散射信号模型,对分光系统的米-瑞利散射信号的抑制率、大气水汽测量的信噪比和误差进行数值仿真设计.搭建实验系统对西安地区夜间的大气水汽进行实验观测,并利用有云天气下实测的激光雷达回波信号,反演获得大气后向散射比和水汽混合比的相关特性,验证了该拉曼光谱分光系统对米-瑞利信号的抑制率达到107以上量级.理论和实验结果表明,设计的新型拉曼光谱分光系统可以在大气后向散射比为17时,实现水汽探测误差小于15%,满足拉曼激光雷达系统对大气水汽的高效率探测.
A new type of UV Raman Lidar system for detection of atmospheric water vapor and aerosol is proposed and designed. The high-efficiency Raman spectroscopy system is constructed by dichroic mirror and ultra-narrowband filter to realize the laser radar atmospheric echo signal Rayleigh scattering signal, the fine separation and high efficiency extraction of vibrational Raman scattering signals of nitrogen and water vapor.Using the molecular scattering model of American standard atmosphere and the measured atmospheric scattering signal model, the Michelson Rayleigh scattering Signal suppression ratio, signal-to-noise ratio and error of atmospheric water vapor measurement were simulated.The experimental system was set up to experimentally observe atmospheric water vapor in the nighttime in Xi’an and use the measured laser radar echo signal in cloudy weather to retrieve Atmospheric backscattering ratio and water vapor mixing ratio, the results show that the inhibition rate of the Raman spectroscopy system to the rice Rayleigh signal reaches the order of 107. The theoretical and experimental results show that the new Raman spectroscopy system It can achieve a water vapor detection error of less than 15% when the atmospheric backscattering ratio is 17, which satisfies the high water vapor pressure of the Raman lidar system The rate of detection.