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脑颅内病灶的立体定向放射神经外科是对颅内病灶使用一次大剂量窄束放射线精确地聚焦于靶点，产生局灶性破坏而达到治疗疾病的学科。采用非连续弧形和圆筒形准直器来控制照射剂量，在治疗过程中采用直线加速器，其可调节治疗参数为：等中心位、台架弧形旋转间隔、床角度、准直域和剂量。在治疗计划实施阶段取决于这些参数如何使靶得到充分照射和在剂量控制结构作用下使病灶周围健康及临界组织受到最小剂量照射；附属结构立体定向仪是利用精确靶点空间定位和病人头架在ＣＴ图像（也可选择ＭＲＩ或血管造影图像）精确定位；该计划系统是基于三维基本原理和需求治疗计划的测量体积的评估；治疗弧的选择主要依赖几何和光阑控制而避免临界放射；治疗计划的评估包括在体积等剂量分布和积分剂量体积直方图。本文主要介绍治疗计划入门的基本概念。
Intracranial lesions of stereotactic radioactive neurosurgery is the use of a high-dose narrow-beam radiation on the intracranial lesions accurately focused on the target, resulting in focal destruction and treatment of disease subjects. The use of non-continuous arc and cylindrical collimator to control the irradiation dose, the use of linear accelerator in the treatment process, the adjustable treatment parameters are: isocenter, bench arc rotation interval, bed angle, collimation domain and dose. Depending on how these parameters are adequately exposed to the target and the minimum dose of exposure to healthy and critical tissue surrounding the lesion under the dose-controlled structure, the treatment phase is performed with the aid of the precise spatial positioning of the target and the patient’s headframe Accurate positioning of CT images (MRI or angiographic images are also available); the planning system is based on a three-dimensional basic principle and an assessment of the measurement volume required for the treatment plan; the choice of treatment arc relies mainly on geometry and iris control to avoid critical radiation; treatment Planned assessments include volumetric dose distribution and integral dose volume histograms. This article mainly introduces the basic concepts of treatment plan.