清真寺是伊斯兰教最为重要的建筑物,其社会功能亦随历史的发展而不断演变。新疆是多民族多宗教长期共存的地区,穆斯林是全区信教群众的主流。对于伊斯兰教主要活动场所清真寺的研究尤为必要。本文通过阐述清真寺在宗教、政治、文化教育和民族团结等方面的作用借此说明清真寺在新疆和谐社会建设和经济发展中的重要作用。 Mosques are the most important Islam buildings and their social functions evolve with the development of history. Xinjiang is a region where many ethnic religions coexist for a long period of time. Muslims are the mainstream of religious believers in the entire region. The study of mosques, the main venue for Islam, is especially necessary. This article illustrates the mosque’s important role in the construction of harmonious society and economic development in Xinjiang by describing its role in religion, politics, culture, education and ethnic solidarity.