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语言研究的学科众多,语言学和语言哲学在其中占据核心地位。无论是结构主义语言学、转换生成语法和功能语言学,还是分析哲学、日常语言哲学和语言本体论,对时间维度的关照,或者不够,或者忽略。文章通过梳理、反思德国哲学家狄尔泰的历史理性批判,得出结论:无论语言学还是语言哲学,都应该把语言置于人的生命发展过程和生活世界,实施历史考察;剥离时间和空间的语言研究无益于揭示语言的本质;语言是人的存在方式,语言的时间维度与人的历史性密切联系,后者的符号化结果就成为前者。
Linguistics and linguistic philosophy hold a central place in linguistic research. Both structuralist linguistics, conversion grammar and functional linguistics, or analytic philosophy, everyday language philosophy and language ontology, the time dimension of the care, or not enough, or ignored. After reviewing the historical rational criticism of German philosopher Dilthey, the article draws the conclusion that both linguistics and philosophy of language should place language in the process of human life and life and carry out historical inspection; and that the separation of time and space Language research is not conducive to reveal the essence of language; language is the way of human existence, the temporal dimension of language and human history are closely linked, the latter of the symbolized result becomes the former.