罗杰斯(Carl R.Rogers)是美国当代人本主义心理学的主要代表人物之一,他在《自由学习》一书中,提出了“自由学习”的著名观点。这一观点认为,学习应该是学生整个身心都参与其中的认知活动,在学习中学生个人的情绪和情感发挥着十分重要的作用;整个学习活动渗透着学生的非智力因素,而且学习是由学生自我评价的;因为只有学生才最清楚这种学习是否满足了自己的需要,是否有助于获得他想要知道的东西,是否明白了自己原来不甚清楚的某些方面。基于这一理念,罗杰斯强调教学要紧紧围绕学生自我,要注意发挥学生在学习中的主动性、创造性和责任感;要改革教育目标,改进课堂教学模式,改变教师的教育理念和教学态度,改变学生的学习方法。 One of the main representatives of contemporary humanistic psychology in the United States, Carl R. Rogers put forward the famous view of “free learning” in his book “Free Learning.” This view holds that learning should be a cognitive activity in which students are physically and mentally involved and plays a very important role in learning individual emotions and emotions of students. The whole learning activity infiltrates the non-intelligence factors of students and learning is performed by students Self-evaluation; because only students know best whether this kind of learning meets their own needs, whether it helps to get what he wants to know, and whether he understands some aspects of his original unclear. Based on this concept, Rogers emphasizes that teaching should focus on the student self, pay attention to giving play to students' initiative, creativity and sense of responsibility in learning; to reform the education goal, improve the classroom teaching mode, change the teacher's education idea and teaching attitude, change the students Learning method