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在金相检验中常遇到经化学热处理,如渗碳、氮化、碳氮共渗、渗金属以及在冷热加工过程中造成的表面缺陷的机械零件。这类零件组织结构的变化往往分布在它的表层。有的甚至对零件表层的影响深度只有零点几个微米。如何在金相显微镜下再现这些表层组织结构细微的变化,这并不意味着提高显微镜的放大倍率即可达到这一目的。而是看我们采用什么样的制样方法与技巧,使零件(试样)表面只有零点几个微米厚的检验层得到最完善的保护(不倒角),使它能在高倍率,短景深的显微镜下得以展现。为此我们对此类试样的制样方法做了一些摸索并获得满意的效果(图1)。
Metallographic testing is often encountered in the chemical heat treatment, such as carburizing, nitriding, carbonitriding, infiltration of metals and surface defects in the hot and cold process caused by mechanical parts. Changes in the organization of such parts are often distributed in the surface layer. Some even affect the surface of the part depth of only a few tenths of microns. How to reproduce these subtle changes in the surface tissue structure under a metallographic microscope does not mean that this can be achieved by increasing the magnification of the microscope. But to see what kind of sample preparation methods and techniques we use, so that the part (sample) surface only a few microns thick test layer is the most complete protection (not chamfering), so that it can be high magnification, short depth of field Under the microscope to show. To this end, we sample the sample preparation method to do some groping and get satisfactory results (Figure 1).