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目的了解上海市金山区公共场所相关人员的吸烟情况,为开展公共场所控烟工作提供依据。方法 2011—2015年每年抽取上海市金山区学校、医疗卫生机构、餐饮场所、互联网场所、娱乐场所、星级酒店等6种类型公共场所共69家,每家公共场所选择1名管理者、10名员工和10名拦截人员(年龄在15~69岁)进行问卷调查,人数不满的则按最大人数进行调查。结果调查6类公共场所从业人员6 085人,吸烟人数1 843人,总吸烟率为30.29%。男性3 451人,吸烟1 785人,吸烟率为50.72%;女性2 634人,吸烟93人,吸烟率为3.53%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 574.80,P<0.01);不同年龄组人员吸烟率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=44.14,P<0.01),其中50~69岁组吸烟率最高(36.02%);各类公共场所吸烟率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=288.93,P<0.01),吸烟率从高到低依次是互联网场所(48.26%)、娱乐场所(41.44%)、餐饮场所(30.96%)、星级宾馆(29.19%)、医疗卫生(22.48%)、学校(14.91%)。结论公共场所相关人员吸烟情况较严重,需加大对重点公共场所吸烟危害健康及戒烟方法的宣传和监管,减少吸烟行为。
Objective To understand the smoking situation of the people in public places in Jinshan District of Shanghai and provide the basis for tobacco control work in public places. Methods A total of 69 public health centers, health care institutions, catering establishments, Internet venues, entertainment venues and star-rated hotels in Shanghai Jinshan District were selected from 2011-2015. There were 69 public places, one for each public place, 10 Staff and 10 interceptors (aged 15 to 69) conducted a survey, the number of dissatisfied according to the maximum number of people surveyed. Results There were 6 085 employees and 6 843 smokers in 6 public places, with a total smoking rate of 30.29%. There were 3 451 males and 1 785 smokers with a smoking rate of 50.72%. There were 2 634 females and 93 smokers with a smoking rate of 3.53% (χ ~ 2 = 1 574.80, P <0.01) The smoking rate in the age group was significantly different (χ ~ 2 = 44.14, P <0.01), of which the highest smoking rate was in the group of 50-69 years old (36.02%). There was significant difference in smoking rates among various public places (χ ~ (48.26%), entertainment (41.44%), dining establishments (30.96%), star hotels (29.19%), health care (22.48 %), School (14.91%). Conclusion Smoking in public places is more serious. It is necessary to intensify the publicity and supervision of smoking hazards and smoking cessation methods in key public places and to reduce smoking behavior.