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选取黄河流域中游5条典型支流,基于74个雨量站点1980—2009年的日降雨数据和汛期降雨摘要数据(1～5h精度),利用Mann-Kendall趋势检验与突变检验方法分析研究区域内的汛期降雨特性变化。将次降雨按照场次雨量分级为小雨、中雨、大雨和暴雨,按照场次平均雨强分级为低雨强、中雨强和高雨强降雨,统计各级别的雨量、雨强、频次及历时等,综合探讨不同级别的降雨特性变化。结果表明,区域内汛期降雨总量有略微的增加,而雨强大幅减少;小雨、低雨强降雨的雨型转变明显,暴雨、高雨强降雨受到的影响相对较弱。本文对于理解以超渗产流为主的黄土高原区的产流模式有重要意义。
Based on daily rainfall data of 74 rainfall stations and rainy season rainfall summary data (1 ~ 5h accuracy) from 74 rainfall stations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River Basin, flood season in the study area was analyzed by Mann-Kendall trend test and mutation test Changes in rainfall characteristics. The rains were graded according to the rainfall of the event as light rains, moderate rains, heavy rains and heavy rains. According to the average rains of the races, rainfall intensity, moderate rainfall intensity and heavy rainfall intensity were calculated. The rainfall, rainfall intensity, frequency and duration Explore different levels of rainfall characteristics changes. The results show that there is a slight increase in the total amount of rainfall during the flood season, while the rainfall intensity is greatly reduced. The rain types of the rainy days and the rainy days show obvious changes, while the heavy rains and the heavy rain are relatively weakly affected. This article is of great significance for understanding the runoff pattern of the Loess Plateau, which is dominated by ultra-seepage.